Agricultural inputs remain the main source of uncertainty in the cost structure of farms. According to Eurostat and FAO, the period 2024–2025 was marked by high volatility in the prices of fertilizers, crop protection products, and fuels, amid geopolitical tensions and adjustments in global supply chains.

Although fertilizer prices have declined from the peaks recorded in 2022, they remain above the historical average. Eurostat data indicate levels 20–30% higher compared to the pre-pandemic period. For Romanian farms, this context means constant pressure on margins, especially in years with average yields.

A critical factor is dependence on imports. Romania remains heavily reliant on externally produced inputs, exposing farms to price and availability fluctuations. In 2024–2025, farmers reported delays and additional costs caused by logistical bottlenecks and currency variations.

In 2026, input management is becoming a matter of strategy, not just procurement. From an economic perspective, farms that do not optimize consumption and plan their purchases remain vulnerable to external shocks.

(Photo: Freepik)