The transition of Romanian farms toward climate neutrality by 2030 is one of the greatest challenges facing national agriculture—yet also a key requirement of the European Green Deal. The objective involves reducing carbon emissions, increasing energy efficiency, and adapting to climate change without sacrificing competitiveness.

According to Eurostat, Romanian agriculture accounts for roughly 17% of the country’s total greenhouse gas emissions, primarily from enteric fermentation and manure management. To achieve neutrality, farmers must adopt low-emission technologies and invest in renewable energy.

The European Commission recommends implementing agroecological practices—such as crop rotation, precision farming, and the use of compost—which can reduce emissions by 20–30% within five years. Romania has integrated these measures into its National Strategic Plan (NSP) 2023–2027, offering support for biogas installations, photovoltaic panels, and smart irrigation systems.

FAO data show that farms recycling animal and plant by-products into biomass can achieve an additional 15% reduction in their carbon footprint. At the same time, the expansion of permanent pastures and the afforestation of marginal lands contribute to natural carbon absorption.

The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MADR) has initiated partnerships with agricultural universities and energy companies to develop “zero-emission” demonstration farms that rely on green energy and natural fertilizers. Early pilot projects indicate that initial investments are recovered within 6–8 years, while operating costs decrease by up to 25%.

Climate neutrality is not only about cutting emissions—it also means transforming farms into sustainable energy hubs. Romania has the potential to become a regional model if it successfully combines European funding with technological innovation and farmer cooperation. The road to 2030 is neither simple nor short, but it is both necessary and achievable.

(Photo: Freepik)